Pulmonary kaposi sarcoma in AIDS.
October 2012
Sumedh S. Hoskote, MD AFFILIATIONS Department of Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY , Vishal P. Patel, DO Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
A 34-year-old man presented to the hospital with a productive cough, dyspnea, subjective fever, chills, and myalgias. Fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, and severe hypoxemia were noted on arrival. Examination revealed a frail, diaphoretic man in considerable respiratory distress, with diffuse bilateral rales and rhonchi; a violaceous, raised rash over the limbs and trunk was also noted. Findings on chest radiography were suggestive of multilobar pneumonia. A rapid oral antibody test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) returned a positive result.
Computed tomography of the chest showed striking flame-shaped opacities and spicular thickening of the bronchovascular bundles in all lobes (panels A, B, and C, arrows). These findings are characteristic of pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma (KS).1 In our patient, the diagnosis was confirmed by bronchoscopy and skin biopsy. Computed tomographic features of KS are extremely helpful in guiding the initial management of HIV-infected patients presenting with symptoms of pneumonia.
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